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Browse collection -> Journals (43 titles)

Issues	26
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1973 - 1976
Description	Abasebenzi, published by the Wages Commission, Student's Representative Council at the University of Cape Town, aimed to create awareness by informing workers in the Western Cape (mainly Cape Town) of the importance of worker unity, organisation and representation in order to protect their interests, better their wages and working conditions and end worker exploitation. Information about collective bargaining, formation of liaison committees, works committees and trade unions was made available in order to empower workers in their struggle. Abasebenzi also endeavoured to assist individual workers with particular problems and articles included information about overtime, unemployment insurance and workmen's compensation. In 1976, five issues and all future issues were banned and publication was forced to cease.

2. Afra Newsletter

Issues	45
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1980 - 1994
Description	Afra Newsletter, Report and Factsheet, all published by the Association for Rural Advancement, present case studies of families personally affected by the forced removals and "black spot" removal policy of the National Government. Statistics are given for the number of evictions and threatened evictions in the affected areas mainly in the Natal provincial region (as it was known then). These figures include farm workers and labour tenants who were forcibly removed from white-owned farms with the support of Government legislation. This collection comprises only the issues published within the period of the Disa project, namely 1960 - 1994. No issues were published during 1989. Afra Newsletter is preceded by Afra Report, preceded by Afra Factsheet.

3. Africanist News and Views

Issues	7
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1968 - 1973
Description	Africanist News and Views, published by the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) of Azania (South Africa), expressed the Pan-Africanist viewpoint in the struggle for liberation. The first organisational task of the PAC, according to Africanist News and Views, was to galvanise the African people into a revolutionary force with a clearly defined political philosophy of an African Government for the Africans by the Africans.

4. Amandla-Matla

Issues	2
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1976
Description	Amandla-Matla, a newsletter published and distributed underground by the African National Congress, supported and incited revolution against the South African Government.

5. Apdusa Views

Issues	61
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1984 - 1994
Description	Apdusa Views was first published in 1984. In that issue it was stated: "Apdusa Views sees as its task to act as a watchdog of the oppressed people. We intend to comment, to warn and to expose all those who act against the interest of the people. This duty we promise to carry out without fear or favour." As an affiliated body of the New Unity movement, the successor to the Non-European Unity Movement (NEUM), Apdusa presented its views as the concept of equality of all human beings and the rejection of concepts like "superior and inferior" races; the principle of non-racialism and a merciless attack on racialism in all its forms; the unity of all the oppressed African, Coloured and Indian people; the policy of non-collaboration which, amongst other things, meant the rejection of government-created dummy institutions designed for "inferior races"; the boycott as a weapon of struggle; a set of minimum non-negotiable demands in the form of the "Ten Point Programme" as a basis for unity. The underlying theme running throughout its pages was that of developing the New Unity Movement into an effective force, capable of intervening meaningfully in current events taking place in South Africa at the time; Apdusa Views was, therefore, a call on the oppressed, especially the 'workers and peasants', to give their whole-hearted support to the ideals expressed by the Unity Movement.

6. Arise Vukani

Issues	8
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1984 - 1989
Description	Arise! Vukani! was published by Action Youth in Johannesburg representing the principles of Action Youth which are cited as anti-racism, anti-imperialism, anti-ethnicity, anti-collaboration and anti-sexism. It was an initiative by working, unemployed and student youth residing in Soweto, Lenasia, Eldorado Park, Riverlea, Bosmount and Fordsburg, all in the the Transvaal Province. Coverage and analysis was of liberation struggles taking place, mainly in South Africa, but also other national and class struggles in countries such as Grenada, El Salvador, Eritrea, Palestine and Namibia. Support was also given to Third World countries in which ruling parties were engaged in the process of socialist reconstruction such as Zimbabwe, Angola and Mozambique.

7. Black Review

Issues	4
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1972 - 1976
Description	Black Review, published annually by Black Community Programmes, was intended as a documentation of the status quo of the Black community, presented from a Black perspective. An exhaustive range of subjects includes Black initiatives in politics, health, education, self help projects, community programmes, arts and entertainment, youth and students organizations, work and sport.

8. Clarion Call

Issues	0
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1983 - 1991
Description	Clarion Call was published as the official journal of the KwaZulu Government, as a record of their activities, and as a mouthpiece of the Inkatha Institute developed to foster the aims of Inkatha - "a liberation movement committed to non-violence, peaceful change and a negotiated future for South Africa". The youth of KwaZulu, in particular, were called upon to resist violence as a means of protest. Participation in community self help projects supported by the KwaZulu Government fostered strong community values and aimed at forging unity within the movement. Social issues such as pensions, job creation, food production and primary health care are discussed in Clarion Call as well as issues relating to resistance to the National Government's repressive machinery, as viewed by Inkatha.

9. Congress Resister

Issues	14
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1983 - 1989
Description	Congress Resister was published by the Transvaal Indian Congress (TIC), which was formed at the turn of the twentieth century by Mahatma Gandhi. It was not banned but was severely affected by the harsh repression of the period. By the mid-60s the activities of the TIC had declined and by the early 70s it was virtually non-existent. At this time, some activists in the Indian community were involved in Black Consciousness organisations. Others associated themselves with the non-racial policy of the 1950s Congress Alliance. In 1981, a meeting was held in Lenasia to discuss the response of the Indian community to the forthcoming elections for the South African Indian Council (SAIC). It was decided that the Transvaal Anti-SAIC Committee (TASC) be established to oppose the SAIC election. The Committee actively campaigned for a boycott of the SAIC elections in a style reminiscent of the Congress Alliance. The culmination of this process was a resounding boycott of the SAIC elections and the holding of the TASC Conference in January 1983. It was here that the decisions were taken to form the United Democratic Front (UDF) and to revive the TIC. On the formation of the UDF, the TIC affiliated to it. The TIC consciously promoted the idea of non-racialism, and sought to mobilise the Transvaal Indian community under the dual banner of the TIC and the UDF. This was done by house visits, mass meetings, pamphleteering and extensive campaigns to boycott the Tricameral Parliament, municipal elections and education. They also participated in national UDF campaigns and began organising the business sector through the TIC Business and Economy Group. After the unbanning of the ANC in 1990, TIC leaders and activists became active in the newly-formed ANC branches and its provincial and national structures, and ultimately the organisation was disbanded.

10. Contact

Issues	137
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1954 - 1967
Description	"Contact", the official publication of the Liberal Party, was published monthly, in Pietermaritzburg, during the period January 1954 to December 1957. With effect from January 1958, publication began in Cape Town, on a fortnightly basis, and continued until publication ceased in January 1967. The Liberal Party was not the only legal multi-racial party in South Africa during this period, but was dissolved in 1968, when the Improper Interference Act was introduced by the Government which made multi-racial parties illegal in South Africa. Contact, in defying apartheid, documented political struggles not only in the southern region of Africa but in Africa as a whole.

11. Cosatu News

Issues	15
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1986 - 1994
Description	Cosatu News, published by COSATU, the Congress of South African Trade Unions, documents the struggle of workers to gain power in the workplace in order to improve wages and work conditions and ultimately to replace capitalism with socialism. The organised, unified strength of workers was considered by COSATU to be the strongest force against oppression and repression. The process of building worker solidarity, including women, at local, regional and national level is well documented.

12. Crisis News

Issues	31
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1985 - 1989
Description	Crisis News, published by the Western Province Council of Churches, Cape Town, "attempts to tell the truth of what is happening in our country", particularly in the Western Cape and from a theological point of departure. Accounts of human rights violations, detentions, torture, violence and police brutality are reported together with theological viewpoints about the deepening political and social crisis in South Africa, during the 1980's.

13. Critical Health

Issues	33
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1979 - 1994
Description	Critical Health, edited and published by an Editorial Collective focused on health issues in the context of the prevailing socio-economic climate of unequal provision of health care facilities and health care services. The need for improved working conditions for nurses and other health care workers, including doctors, was discussed within the context of the formation of trade unions representing the health sector. Prevailing medical ethics in treating detainees, particularly those having been tortured, was probed. The continuing struggle for improved and equitable health services in South Africa where apartheid policies of fragmentation and politicisation of health services played havoc with the health of the nation was extensively documented in Critical Health. Special Edition, Issue 29, 1989 1990 contains reprints of articles already published in prior issues.

14. Dawn

Issues	52
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1977 - 1990
Description	The official policy of the African National Congress was one of non-violence. However, after fifty years of non-violent struggle, Umkhonto we Sizwe (meaning Spear of the Nation) was founded in 1961 as the military wing of the African National Congress, open to all races and set up in conjunction with the South African Communist Party in order to strengthen the struggle by using armed forces (guerilla warfare). Dawn, published as a monthly journal by the Umkhonto we Sizwe, documented the guerilla attacks on strategic targets within the Republic, thereby undermining and disorganising defence and security networks; reported the Government armed forces' attacks carried out in the frontline states against supposed terrorist bases with their resultant political and military impact. These were accompanied by discussions on the complementary nature of non-violent struggle and armed tactics which highlighted the necessity for a broad front of attack on the apartheid government. Calls were made for participation and unity of all sectors of the oppressed population, including women and youth and demands were made for the release of ANC leaders and other political prisoners.

15. Democracy in action

Issues	52
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1987 - 1994
Description	Democracy in action, published by the Institute for a Democratic Alternative for South Africa, outlines the extensive efforts of the Institute to create a climate of open communication and understanding between diverse and often politically opposing groups in order to break down barriers, encourage dialogue and bring about meaningful change in South Africa. It also documents the Institute's efforts to further their aims on the international front by sending delegations abroad, often as invited guests, to promote understanding and support for a democratic alternative for South Africa. Youth workshops, women's seminars, educational and political conferences were platforms for discussions, debates and decisions about democratic issues whilst promoting understanding, tolerance and integration of different race groups with diverse political, cultural and social backgrounds.

16. East Cape Update

Issues	1
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range
Description

17. Fighting Talk

Issues	123
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1950 - 1963
Description	Fighting Talk was initially a publication of the Springbok Legion of ex-servicemen and women, until in February 1954 when the "Fighting Talk Committee", in Johannesburg, took over the responsibility for publishing. Appearing monthly, the periodical was edited over a period of several years in the mid-1950's by Ruth First. The focus of the content was largely on resistance by South Africans to the suppressive actions and legislation which the National Government steadily introduced prior to the formation of a Republic in 1961 and immediately thereafter. Extensive coverage is also given to the path of emancipation taken by several African countries, such as Sudan, the Congo, Tanganyika, Nigeria, Guinea and Algeria in their quest for independence from western control. Publication of Fighting Talk ceased in February 1963.

18. Fosatu Worker News

Issues	39
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1979 - 1985
Description	Fosatu Worker News was first published in 1979 with the formation of the Federation of South African Trade Unions and was distributed amongst all union members with the aim of uniting workers in the struggle for fair and equitable labour practice in South Africa. Articles included the growth of trade unionism representing the strength of workers united in their determination to obtain better wages, shorter working hours and basic worker rights. Boycotts and strikes to protest against unfair dismissals, retrenchments and worker harassment were covered in detail in an effort to keep workers informed and to encourage solidarity. Fosatu Worker News ceased publication in 1985.

19. Grassroots

Issues	86
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1980 - 1990
Description	Grassroots was started in 1980 as the first of a series of community newspapers designed to give a voice to the 'voiceless' and oppressed peoples of South Africa. Only 5000 copies of the first (March 1980) edition were printed although in subsequent years circulation grew to between fifteen and twenty thousand. Grassroots was made up of over 60 democratic organisations: the civics under Western Cape Civic Association (WCCA) and Cape Housing Action Committee (CHAC), women's and youth organisations, the youth under Cape Youth Congress (CYCO), many trade unions and the United Democratic Front (UDF) were all linked in some way. The members of these organisations kept Grassroots alive by giving news and selling the paper itself. Grassroots struggled financially, but was assisted by small donations and the advertising sold to small Cape Town traders. Eight months after Grassroots began, its first organiser, Johnny Issel, was banned. However, it survived many further attacks from the government, going on to help communities start their own newspapers: Saamstaan, for example, represented the oppressed communities of Oudtshoorn, Mossel Bay, George, Ladismith, Swellendam, Calitzdorp and many other small towns. It was largely through this democratising role that Grassroots fulfilled its potential by providing a voice for these communities, uniting them against oppression and injustice, and building opposition against apartheid.

20. Ikwezi

Issues	21
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1975 - 1979
Description	Ikwezi, a Xhosa word meaning "rising star", was a Marxist-Leninist journal devoted to proletarian socialist revolution in Southern Africa, published in England by "a group of South African and Southern African revolutionaries with long histories of devotion to the struggle for freedom in Southern Africa". Ikwezi claimed to work within the mainstream liberation movements while aiming to help the process of building a Marxist-Leninist Party based on the Chinese model of revolution and the writings of Mao-Tse-Tung. The struggle was seen as both a national and a class struggle against colonial and imperial domination. Ikwezi took a firm stand against Russian social-imperialism regarding it as being the greater danger compared to American imperialism.

21. Inqaba ya basebenzi

Issues	24
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1981 - 1990
Description	Inqaba ya basebenzi, published in London by the Marxist Workers' Tendency of the African National Congress documents the workers' struggle for national liberation, democracy and socialism. Issues discussed include wage negotiations, improved working conditions, campaigns for a national minimum wage and exploitation of workers. Trade union action in the struggle for power by united workers is documented at length. Strikes by mineworkers, factory workers and transport workers are discussed in the context of increasing resistance to the repressive National Government apartheid policies. Capitalism, socialism, imperialism and reformism are issues debated at length, placed in the local South African context and in the wider international arena. Supplements to several of the issues contain theoretical and sometimes historical discourses on socialism, revolution, Marxism and Stalinism.

22. Isisebenzi

Issues	11
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1973 - 1974
Description	Produced by the "Wages Commission", Isisebenzi was a newspaper for workers in Durban and Pietermaritzburg. It was published about once a month and dealt with all matters of interest to workers, especially with their struggle for just wages and the right to organise. Isisebenzi No. 1 was produced by students who believed that a workers' newspaper would say more when it was written by workers; contributions in the form of articles, drawings and photographs were thus requested. The avowed philosophy was "to keep workers in touch with developments in other factories, unions and centres."

23. Isizwe

Issues	5
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1985 - 1987
Description	Isizwe = The Nation, the journal published by the United Democratic Front to stimulate discussion, debate and training within their ranks, consisted of articles on topics relevant to the national democratic struggle. These topics include educational articles on workerism, capitalism and other ideological standpoints, nationalization, trade unionism and the democratic processes involved in the organization of people's power.

24. Izwi lase Township

Issues	9
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1982 - 1984
Description	Izwi lase Township was published by Ditshwantsho tsa Rona. It offered notes and views about current and past events. Though mainly concerned with Alexandra, since that was the home location of Ditshwantsho, it held that Alexandra was but a part of South Africa and shared in the general struggle of the country as a whole. The underlying philosophy of this publication was that it was necessary to understand society in order to change it; in line with this thinking the public was invited to participate in the paper by carrying out research and by contributing discussion. Ultimately, the ghetto status of the township was rejected, along with any strategies that attempted to divide it from other parts of the nation.

25. Journal of Black Theology in South Africa

Issues	15
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1987 - 1994
Description	The Journal of Black Theology in South Africa, published by the Black Theology Project in Pretoria, is a scholarly publication dedicated to the exploration of African and Black theology and its growth and identity in relation to the national struggle for liberation in South Africa. Issues such as social class, poverty, politics and African culture are examined from a theological perspective and in light of the teachings of the Christian Church. Feminist theological issues and liberation theological premises are examined and discussed within the African context.

26. Liberation

Issues	40
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1953 - 1959
Description	Liberation was founded in Johannesburg as a magazine of quality, focusing on issues of concern to blacks and non-establishment whites in South Africa. I was subtitled " a journal of democratic discussion", and was aimed at the intellectual eleite. Contributors to the magazine include Michael Harmel, H.J. Simons, Joe Slovo, Nelson Mandela, Duma Nokwe, D. Dhlamini, M. Mokgohlwa, G. Fasulo, Helen Joseph, Govan Mbeki, Richard Cope and other critics of apartheid. It was printed and published by Daniel Tloome. It was written in english. Publication ranges from February 1953 to December 1959, and had about 10 issues per year.

27. Mayibuye

Issues	183
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1967 - 1994
Description	Mayibuye, published for many years as a small, underground newsletter, was one of three African National Congress publications alongside Sechaba and Dawn (Umkhonto we Sizwe). Circulation was limited and hampered by conditions of illegality. Publication began in late 1967 with the aim of stimulating political debate and discussion to promote the voice of the banned Congress to the masses. Legal publication began in 1990 after the unbanning of the African National Congress

28. NUM news

Issues	18
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1986 - 1994
Description	NUM news, published by the National Union of Mineworkers, reflects the mineworkers struggle for liberation from racial discrimination experienced by workers in the mines with regard to work conditions, wages, hostel accommodation, retrenchments and other related issues.

29. Phakamani

Issues	6
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1987 - 1989
Description	Phakamani, meaning "stand up", reflecting the call to stand up and join the democratic forces inside South Africa and abroad to oppose the legality of the South African Government, was published by the ANC Department of Religious Affairs in Zambia. Phakamani acknowledged the role of religion in the oppression of many South Africans and supported the efforts of theologians struggling to find a meaningful way of expressing their faith in the struggle for a non-racial, non-sexist and democratic South Africa.

30. Phambili

Issues	3
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1988 - 1989
Description	Phambili, published by the Phambili Collective in Johannesburg, was a short lived publication comprising 3 issues published during 1988 and 1989. The aim of the publication was to stimulate debate and discussion by raising issues facing the democratic movement, thereby increasing the level of political education. Phambili was not designed for mass distribution but questions were posed at the end of articles to stimulate debate at a mass level. Organisations were encouraged to translate and simplify articles for this purpose.

31. Pro Veritate

Issues	184
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1962 - 1977
Description	Pro Veritate, a Christian monthly journal, reflects a theological point of view towards the ideologies of the ruling National Party. Christian viewpoints on such issues as conscientious objection, equality of economic opportunity, education for social change, instruments of power and discriminatory legislation are discussed in order to raise Christian consciousness and awareness to effect peaceful social change in those forces and structures causing deprivation, suffering and other forms of social injustice. The moral conscience of the South African population is called to examine the conflict between what is taught in the Christian Gospel and the injustices and discriminations experienced on a daily basis by the majority of that population: to reject racism in every form as being morally unacceptable and consequently to bring pressure on the National Government to effect political and legislative change to afford equal human rights and opportunities to all in a united South Africa.

32. Rixaka

Issues	6
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1985 - 1990
Description	Rixaka, the cultural journal of the African National Congress, was launched to establish a platform allowing full expression of the cultural voice in the national liberation movement. All forms of cultural and artistic expression, such as performing arts, visual arts, film, poetry, literature, were explored as means by which the spirit of revolt among the broad masses could enhance the striking power of the resistance movement and inspire the masses to fight for a liberated country. President of the African National Congress, OR Tambo, in 1984, charged "our cultural workers with the task of using their craft to give voice, not only to the grievances, but also to the profoundest aspirations of the oppressed and exploited"

33. SASO Newsletter

Issues	16
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1970 - 1976
Description	By the late 1960s many black students increasingly began to feel the frustration and disillusionment similar to that which had led to the Fort Hare SRC to disaffiliate from NUSAS in 1952. For some students at the University of Natal Medical School (UNMS) their involvement and experience in NUSAS increasingly suggested that the liberal politics of that union could not serve the immediate or long-term aspirations of black students. Also at issue was the fact that, despite its non-racial membership, NUSAS was essentially dominated and controlled by white students. It was this kind of situation that Biko had in mind when he expressed in his column, "I write what I like", in the SASO Newsletter, his objection to this type of 'intellectual arrogance' by whites. Out of the University Christian Movement (UCM) conference in 1968 came agreement on the need for a new black student organisation and a representative conference of black students. Duly convened in December 1968 this conference gave birth to an exclusively black higher education formation, the South African Students' Organisation (SASO), and the election of Steve Biko as national president on its formal inauguration in July 1969. In analysing South African society, SASO viewed race as the primary line of distinction. Class divisions were not seen as important and there was little recognition of gender issues. The positive doctrine that SASO proclaimed itself to uphold was the concept of Black Consciousness (BC), which was defined as an 'attitude of mind, a way of life': SASO stressed the need for blacks to develop their own value systems, and to define themselves, rather than be defined by others. "Black man you are on your own" was to be adopted by SASO as its rallying cry. Thus the previous negative definition of the self as 'non-white' gave way to positive identification as 'black'. An editorial in the SASO Newsletter of September 1970 stated the political and strategic rationale for the term "black": it was an attempt to "define one's enemy more clearly and broaden the base from which we are operating." A number of criticisms can be levelled against SASO and various weaknesses can be pointed to in its doctrine of BC, its analysis of the South African social formation and its political strategies. However, despite being primarily a student organisation SASO took on the responsibility and rekindled black intellectual and political opposition to white domination. As a catalyst of the conflagration that was the Soweto uprising and in also creating the conditions for the generalisation of political resistance and organisation post-Soweto, SASO ensured that it was of tremendous historical significance in the struggle for national liberation in South Africa.

34. Saspu Focus

Issues	8
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1982 - 1986
Description	SASPU FOCUS was a feature-orientated publication aimed largely at raising student awareness: at its annual congress during December 1981 NUSAS adopted the theme 'Campus Action for Democracy' for 1982. This slogan called on students to understand, and act on, their university and their education. SASPU FOCUS attempted to cover educational issues and to encourage debate, in the hope of providing students with a deeper understanding of their immediate environment - the university. In so doing, SASPU FOCUS propagated the belief that students should play a role in the broader society.

35. Saspu National

Issues	38
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1980 - 1987
Description	SASPU National was one of two publications produced by the South African Students Press Union (SASPU), the other being SASPU Focus. A non-profit newspaper, about 25 000 copies of SASPU National were distributed mostly through organisations. The National Union of South African Students (NUSAS) was founded in 1924 at Grey College, Bloemfontein. It began as an apolitical organisation, which aimed to further national cooperation between students, and cooperation with student leaders in other countries. In 1933 Afrikaans students broke away after a debate sbout the affiliation to NUSAS of the first black campus, Fort Hare. After the war NUSAS remained apolitical, believing it should only oppose discrimination in education. The mass militancy of the 1950s influenced the union in the latter half of the decade and NUSAS linked itself closely with the South African Liberal Party. During the 1980s NUSAS participated in the democratic movement in various ways: extending its role through participation in national poliitcal campaigns like the 'Free Mandela Campaign', and through support of consumer boycotts. Participation in the United Democratic Front (UDF) in particular had consolidated NUSAS' political role. NUSAS together with the Azanian Students Organisation (AZASO) and the Congress of South African Students (COSAS) formed the student wing of the UDF.

36. Sechaba

Issues	252
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1967 - 1990
Description	The African National Congress began publication of Sechaba in 1967. It documents the struggle, from the organisation's perspective, for freedom in South Africa and for the freedom of South Africa - freedom from racial discrimination, from legislation that denied human rights and from the Government's relentless policy of racially imposed injustice. Sechaba documents the process by which the African National Congress, banned in South Africa during the period 1961 to 1990, forged its struggle for freedom, justice and liberation despite being a banned organization.

37. Speak

Issues	65
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1982 - 1994
Description	Speak, published by Speak Collective, is a publication focusing on issues of interest mainly to women. Violence against women, including wife battery and rape, health issues such as pregnancy, contraception and sexually transmitted diseases, better work conditions as well as representation by trade unions, including domestic workers, resistance to the apartheid legislation and the campaign for equitable human rights are among the issues discussed.

38. Speak: the voice of the community

Issues	12
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1982 - 1986
Description	Speak: the voice of the community, published by the Speak Community Newspaper Project, reflected the Transvaal communities' struggle against relocations, shack demolitions and evictions. The newspaper reported on the communities' sustained efforts in creating residents' associations, including women's associations, to lobby for better housing, affordable rents and better service provision. United community action against the Government elections resulting in mass meetings to reject the proposed Government constitution was documented in detail.

39. The African Communist

Issues	41
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range
Description

40. The Black Sash

Issues	175
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1960 - 1994
Description	Sash, originally published as Black Sash, is a detailed record of the activities of the Black Sash organisation: the petitions, protests, marches, vigils, press releases and Conference papers which reflect the modus operandi of their desire to bring about change in the legislation which was, in their opinion, discriminatory and the cause of untold human suffering, hardship and poverty. Issues such as the Pass Laws, migrant labour, forced removals, indefinite detention without trial, Group Areas Act, the Bantu Education Act and in later years land reform were all brought to the attention of the apathetic public in an attempt to mount pressure against the Government to bring about a change in policy. The Black Sash acted as a constant reminder to the white electorate conscience that complacency would not effect change and action was necessary. The journal reflects the detailed efforts of these women from two aspects. The first one being the practical way in which the Black Sash Advice Offices helped hundreds of Africans experiencing problems as a direct result of the unjust Pass Laws. The second aspect was contained in their well documented and researched reporting on current political situations, State legislation and the effects thereof and other issues which they felt ought to be changed.

41. TRAC (Transvaal Rural Action Committee) Newsletter

Issues	28
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1983 - 1994
Description	TRAC, the Transvaal Rural Action Committee, established in 1983 as a project of the Black Sash, published this Newsletter with the intention of giving communities under threat of forced removal in the Transvaal Province access to information about other communities in similar situations, as well as creating public awareness of the plight of these communities. In monitoring forced removals TRAC attempted to assist those threatened with removal as well as those already "persuaded" to move and living in conditions which resulted in unemployment, poverty, disease and malnutrition. The Government policy of forcibly removing "black spots", that is all Blacks owning land in areas deemed by the Government to be part of White South Africa (made relatively easy by existing Government legislation) resulted in dire socio-economic hardship for urban and rural communities alike.

42. Umsebenzi

Issues	33
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1985 - 1994
Description	Umsebenzi, mouthpiece of the South African Communist Party, deals with issues relating to the national liberation struggle, from a Communist ideological point of view. Other ideologies such as Marxism and Socialism are also discussed. Profiles of prominent South African communists are included as are articles on Party history, trade unionism and workers' rights. Resistance issues are dealt with on an educational and practical level such as what to do if arrested and how to master secret (underground) work.

43. Work In Progress

Issues	91
Creator
Resource type	Journal
Date Range	1977 - 1994
Description	The context in which the first issue of Work In Progress appeared was one in which the embryonic trade union movement had not yet emerged as a major actor on the scene. In September 1977 popular political resistance to apartheid seemed to be waning, although the impetus that 16 June 1976 had given to the African National Congress was soon to manifest itself in the 'armed propaganda' associated with guerilla and sabotage activities of the late 1970s and early 1980s. The impetus for the publication came from a group of University of Witwatersrand post-graduate students who believed that modes of analysis and information contained within the university community had to be shared with a wider audience. South Africa was an increasingly complex society, and new developments and dynamics demanded informed debate, analysis and response. While explicitly intellectual in approach, WIP did not set out to be academic, or 'university-based'. It aimed at 'stimulating and provoking responses in a national debate on contemporary South Africa'. When WIP first appeared the labour movement was splintered, small, and struggling to establish itself. Yet from an early stage, WIP raised the questions of class leadership, reflecting its consistent and coherent concern with the class nature of organisations and issues. The earlier issues of WIP tended to raise organisational questions as issues in themselves, relecting the low level of organisational development of the time. From the beginning of 1983, however, as political and community organisations began developing, the issues became more focused and grounded in practical issues. At the beginning of 1985, WIP became one of the first South African-based publications to present current ANC views and developments. These articles were explicitly not propagandist in nature, but represented an attempt to provide information and perspective on an important organisational influence in South African politics of which South Africans were kept ignorant because of censorship, security legislation, curbs on the media and the like. WIP consistently refused to ignore political tendencies and organisations weaker or less well-supported than organisations which occupied centre stage. This reflected a commitment to democracy, open debate and freedom of speech as important cornerstones of progressive politics. WIP's consistency in raising issues about the centralisation and changing nature of state power, changing relationships between and within classes, the impact of monopoly economic dominance on the state, and the relationship between the working class and national-democratic struggle, was a major contribution in establishing what was happening in the changing relations between capital and the state and how to understand a period of 'change' after years of apparent immobility by the ruling National Party. While WIP was by no means the only publication to encourage these debates, its openness to the elaboration of positions which members of the editorial collective did not necessarily agree with was one hall-mark of the publication. Apart from successfully challenging a number of bannings, it was able to make limited inroads into Publications Act committees declaring material undesirable for obviously trivial or untenable reasons. Despite restrictions on what it could publish, WIP's concern with progressive politics and trade unionism, strategies for change, and the organisational and class actors who promoted or impeded the transformation of apartheid society remained constant; it serves as an outstanding example of the necessity for an independent and vibrant press, free of constraints, for the maintenance of a democratic society.